uk temperature

Temperature Conversion - The following table shows the temperature conversion formulas for conversions to and from the Celsius scale. from Celsius to Celsius Fahrenheit [°F] = [°C] × 9⁄5 + 32 [°C] = ([°F] − 32) × 5⁄9 Kelvin [K] = [°C] + 273.15 [°C] = [K] − 273.15...

Temperature measurement - Temperature measurement using modern scientific thermometers and temperature scales goes back at least as far as the early 18th century, when Gabriel Fahrenheit adapted a thermometer (switching to mercury) and a scale both developed by Ole Christensen Rømer. Fahrenheit's scale is still in use in the United States for non-scientific...

Heat capacity - When a sample is heated, meaning it receives thermal energy from an external source, some of the introduced heat is converted into kinetic energy, the rest to other forms of internal energy, specific to the material. The amount converted into kinetic energy causes the temperature of the material to rise. The introduced heat (ΔQ) divided...

Thermodynamic equilibrium axiomatics - For axiomatic treatment of thermodynamic equilibrium, since the 1930's, it has become customary to refer to a zeroth law of thermodynamics. The customarily stated minimalist version of such a law postulates only that all bodies, which when thermally connected would be in thermal equilibrium, should be said to...

Temperature for bodies not in a steady state - When a body is not in a steady state, then the notion of temperature becomes even less safe than for a body in a steady state not in thermodynamic equilibrium. This is also a matter for study in non-equilibrium thermodynamic...

Temperature for bodies in a steady state but not in thermodynamic equilibrium - While for bodies in their own thermodynamic equilibrium states, the notion of temperature safely requires that all empirical thermometers must agree as to which of two bodies is the hotter or that they are at the same temperature, this requirement is not safe for bodies...

Temperature for bodies in thermodynamic equilibrium - For experimental physics, the fact of hotness means that, when comparing any two given bodies in their respective separate thermodynamic equilibria, any two suitably given empirical thermometers with numerical scale readings will agree as to which is the hotter of the two given bodies, or that...